Nitropromec

Ivermectin belongs to the macrocyclic lactone class of endectocides and consists of a mixture of two homologous compounds, 22,23-dihydroavermectin B1a (H2B1a, not less than 80%) and 22,23-dihydroavermectin B1b (H2B1b, not more than 20%). Avermectins are potent anthelmintic, insecticidal and acaracidal compounds which, by increasing the membrane permeability to chloride ions, mediate the paralysis of the nematodes and certain classes of ectoparasites.

Clorsulon is a compound belonging to the benzene sulphonamide family which is recommended for the treatment and control of adult liver flukes (Fasciola hepatica and Fasciola gigantica) in cattle. Clorsulon inhibits the enzymes implicated in the glycolytic pathway, the primary source of energy in flukes. Further investigations indicated that clorsulon is a competitive inhibitor of  8-phosphoglycerate kinase and phospho-glyceromutase and blocks the oxidation of glucose to acetate and propionate. Clorsulon also depresses ATP levels in the fluke.

Nitroxynil is related monophenolic compound. The main pharmacological action of nitroxynil is fasciolicidal.  The lethal action against Fasciola hepatica has been demonstrated in vitro and in vivo in laboratory animals, and in sheep and cattle.  The mechanism of action is thought to be due to uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation. Few other pharmacodynamic effects have been observed in therapeutic doses.

Indications:

Gastro-intestinal round worms:

Adult and immature: Ostertagia ostertagi – small brown stomach worms (including third and fourth stage larvae and inhibited immatures),

Haemonchus placei – barber’s pole worm

Trichostrongylus axie – stomach hair worm (including third and fourth stage larvae Trichostrongylus colubriformis – intestinal hair worm O.lyrata – stomach worm Cooperia spp – small intestinal worm (including third and fourth stage larvae) Oesophagostomum radiatum – nodule worm (including third and fourth stage larvae) Bunostoomum phlebotomum – (including third and fourth stage larvae) 

And adult stages of:

Trichuris spp – Whipworm

Strongyloides papillosus –intestinal worm-

Nematodirus spp – thin necked intestinal worm

Early immature (including 2-week old), Immature and Adult Liver Fluke Fasciola hepatica

Lungworms

Dictyocaulus viviparous (adult and immature, including inhibited stages).

Eyeworm Thelazia spp (adult stages)

Sucking Lice:

Linognathusvituli– Long nosed sucking louse

Haematopinuseurysternus– Short nosed sucking louse

Solenopotescapillatus– Little blue sucking louse.

Mites: Sarcoptes scabeivarbovis

Screw Worm Fly:

Chrysomya bezziana (parasitic larval stages Not reported in Australia but  present in Papua New Guinea).

Cattle tick:

Boophilus microplus

When used as directed for control of internal parasites of cattle, it concurrently aids in control of:

Mites:

Chorioptes bovis.

Biting Lice:

Bovicola (Damalinia) bovis

Dosage of Administration:

Route:   subcutaneous injection

For active ingredients:

200 µg ivermectin, 2 mg clorsulon per kg and nitroxynil 10.2 mg per kg live weight

For whole product:

5 mL per 50kg live weight

Special warning:

Sterilise all injection apparatus by boiling (or equivalent) before use. Avoid use of strong disinfectants on apparatus.

Maintain cleanliness at all times.

Keep needles sharp and clean. Replace frequently.

Use shortest needle possible, certainly not exceeding 15 mm.

As far as possible avoid injection of animals during wet weather or under dusty conditions.

This product should be injected only under the skin.

If possible inject high on the neck behind the ear. If required the dose can be divided and administered in two sites.

Special precautions:

Avoid overdosing of cattle.

Care should be taken when administering it or other medications to sick debilitated animals in poor condition. In these cases, a veterinarian should be contacted.

If product leaks from the injection site staining of the coat of light coloured cattle may occur for a period of several weeks. Inject in a downward motion to avoid loss of product and staining at the injection site. Exercise care where staining may be a disadvantage (eg. show cattle).

Gloves are recommended during usage

Contra – Indications:

Do not use in cattle which are producing or may in the future produce milk where the milk or milk products may be used for human consumption.

Adverse effects: None

Withdrawal time:

MEAT: do not use less than 56 days before slaughter for human consumption. Calves born to cows that have been treated with it during pregnancy must not be slaughtered for human consumption for 56 days after treatment of the dam.

MILK: do not use in cattle which are producing or may in the future produce milk where the milk or milk products may be used for human consumption.

Target species:

Cattle

Package:

50 ml, 100 ml ,250 mL, 500 ml and 1000 ml